What does "deference" mean in the context of judicial decision-making?

In the context of judicial decision-making, "deference" refers specifically to the respect and consideration that a court gives to the expertise and judgment of a tribunal, such as an administrative agency or a lower court. When a higher court exercises deference, it acknowledges that the tribunal has special familiarity or knowledge in a particular area and therefore may be better positioned to make certain determinations or interpretations.

Deference is important because it reflects the understanding that specialized bodies often have a deeper insight into their respective fields—whether they pertain to specific regulatory issues, safety standards, or other complex matters. By deferring to these bodies, courts can ensure that decisions are grounded in expertise rather than just being determined purely on legal standards. This allows for a more informed and nuanced application of the law, fostering an environment where specialized knowledge is respected and leveraged in decision-making processes.

This principle underscores the role of different levels of governance and serves to bolster the integrity and effectiveness of specialized tribunals, as it recognizes their function in the legal landscape.